Annulation of Other Aromatic Substrates

Coupling reactions of aromatic, heteroaromatic, and vinylic substrates with alkynes via sp C—H bond cleavage under rhodium, iridium, ruthenium, palladium, or nickel catalysis to produce a wide range of cyclic compounds have been described in this chapter. These annulation reactions provide powerful methods for constructing a variety of -rr-conjugated molecules containing fused aromatic and heteroaromatic nuclei from simple, readily available substrates. Extensive efforts will continue to be made to extend the scope of starting materials for this catalysis. 

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