Annealing and Recrystallization Effects

Point defects and dislocations are shown in Sect. 5.3 to appear as nonequilibrium defects, usually introduced during crystal growth or deformation, and as equilibrium defects, generated thermally. The dislocation density can be determined by the moir6 method (see Appendix 17 and Fig. 5.93). On annealing of crystals above their crystallization temperature, the nonequilibrium dislocation density increases, as is demonstrated in the left graph of Fig. 6.75. Since the number of such nonequilibrium 

Dislocation Density and the Size of Mosaic Slocks of Polyethylene 

Example Polyethylene Molar mass 22,000 Da Ratio of surface free energies  

The fold a becomes a fold dislocation with growth of the folds b and c On completion, the dislocation energy is regained and an energetically favored state of double the fold length results. 

12 nm thick lamellae, annealed when floating in silicone oil. The thickened areas are 24-28 nm. the width of the holes is about 88 nm. the thickened rims are about 8 nm wide. Scale bar 1 pm. Annealing time 22 h. 

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