Anaerobic metabolism glucose catabolism

In fast white fibers, glycolysis catabolizes glucose. The relative lack of mitochondria in these fibers causes the white appearance. The rapid breakdown of glucose by anaerobic metabolism means that ATP is made rapidly. These muscles are used in rapid, short-duration movement and exhibit a fast twitch when electrically stimulated. The flight muscles of birds are of this type—remember that you find the white meat of a chicken on the breast. 

A summary of the major catabolic and amphibolic reactions for the anaerobic metabolism of glucose is presented in Fig. 17.11. 

Glycolysis The initial pathway in the catabolism of carbohydrates, by which a molecule of glucose is broken down to two molecules of pyruvate, with a net production of ATP molecules and the reduction of two NAD molecules to NADH. Under aerobic conditions, these NADH molecules are reoxidized by the electron transport chain under anaerobic conditions, a different electron acceptor is used. An anaerobic metabolic pathway used to break down glucose into pyruvic acid while producing some ATP. 

Figure 19-1 a Normal and ischemic myocardial metabolism of glucose. A total production of 36 moles of ATP results from the aerobic catabolism of 1 mole of glucose and use of NADH and FADH. in the oxidative phosphorylation process in mitochondria. When oxygen is not available, NADH and FADH levels rise and shut off the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Pyruvate is converted to lactate. Only 2 moles of ATP are formed from anaerobic catabolism of 1 mole of glucose. (Adapted from Giuliani, E. R., ei al. Cardiology Fundamentals and Practice, 2nd ed. By permission of the Mayo Foundation, Rochester, MN.)... 

Anaerobic glucose metabolism, ketogenesis and catabolism of methionine and cysteine produce protons... 

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