An astrophysical solution early winds

However numerical simulations of early supernova-driven winds fail to find any evidence for substantial gas ejection from luminous ( L ) galaxies. One can ask what is wrong with the hydrodynamic simulations Certainly, the simulations lack adequate resolution. Rayleigh-Taylor instabilities enhance wind porosity and Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities enhance wind loading of the cold interstellar medium. Both effects are certain to occur and will enhance the wind efficacity. Yet another omission is that one cannot yet resolve the motions of massive stars before they explode. This means that energy quenching is problematic and the current results are inconclusive for typical massive galaxies. 

An interesting from studies of nearby starbursts is that the mass outflow rate is of the same order of magnitude as the star formation rate. This result is also motivated by a multiphase interstellar medium in which supernova explosions 

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