2-Amino-4-hydroxy-2-methylbutanoic acid

S)-Aminopropanoic acid (2S)-amino-3-methylbutanoic acid (25)-amino-4-methylpentanoic acid (2S)-amino-3-methylpentanoic acid (2S)-amino-3-phenylpropanoic acid (2S)-amino-3-hydroxy-propanoic acid (2S)-amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid (2S),6-diaminohexanoic acid (2/f)-amino-3-mercaptopropanoic acid (25)-amino-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid (25)-aminobutanedioic add (25)-aminopentanedioic add... 

S,4S,5 E,7E)-3-Amino-4-hydroxy-6-methyl-8-(4-bromophenyl)-octa-5,7-dienoic acid [Aboa = Br-Ahmp, Br-Apoa], (2S,3S,8S,9S)-3-Amino-9-methoxy-2,6,8-trimethyl-10-phenyl-deca-4,6-dienoic acid (Adda). 3-Amino-2,4-dimethylpentanoic acid (Admpa). (2S,3R,5S)-3-amino-2,5,9-trihydroxy-10-phenyldecanoic acid (Ahda). j3-Aminoisobutyric acid (jS-AiB). (3S,4S,5E,7E)-3-Amino-4-hydroxy-6-methyl-8-phenylocta-5,7-dienoic acid [Ahmp (Faulkner) or Apoa (Fusetani)]. (2S,3R,5R)-3-Amino-2,5-dihydroxy-8-phenyloctanoic acid (Ahoa). 3-Aminopentanoic acid (Apa /5-Apa). (2R,3R)-3-Amino-2-methylbutanoic add (Amba). 3-Amino-2-methylhexanoic acid (Amha). 3-Amino-2-methyl-7-octynoic add (Amoa, Amoya). 3-Amino-7-octynoic add (Aoya). (2S,3R)-3-Amino-2-methylpentanoic acid (Map). http // www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ Taxonomy/ tax.html... 

C5H10O diethyl ketone 96-22-0 -38.97 1 0164 2 5741 C5H11N03 (R,S)-2-amino-3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoic acid 2280-28-6 23.86 1.0493 2... 

Dihydroxyacid dehydratase (E.C. 4.2.1.9) is a ubiquitous enzyme that is involved in the biosynthesis of the branched-chain amino acids (lie, Leu and Val) and of pantothenic acid and coenzyme A. The enzyme catalyzes the elimination of water from 2,3-dihydroxyalkanoic acids (23) to 2-hydroxy-2-alkenoic acids (24), which tautomerize to 2-ketoalkanoic acids (25). The enzyme from spinach has the highest activity towards 2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoic acid (Val precursor, Scheme 11.5-4) but also accepts other substrates1341. Thus, 2,3-dihydroxybutanoic acid, 3-cyclopropyl-2,3-dihydroxybutanoic add as well as 2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid are substrates. With the latter substrate a slight preference for (2R,3S)-2,3-dihydroxy-... 

A different approach to hydroxy amino acids used the allylic bromination of 3-methyl-2-butenoic acid to give a mixture of 2.62 and 2.63, as shown in reaction 6.3 Reaction of this mixture with ammonium hydroxide led to formation of lactam 2.64, which was hydrolyzed to 4-amino-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoic acid, 2.65. Hydroxylactams can be converted to functionalized amino acids other than hydroxy amino acids. An example is shown in reaction 7, where 5-fIuoromethyl-2-pyrroli-dinone [2.67) was prepared from 5-hydroxymethyl-2-pyrrolidinone ( .66) by reaction with chlorotrifluorodiethylaminoethane.37 Hydrolysis gave 4-amino-5-fluoropentanoic acid, 2.68. 

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