Aluminum water, effect

Extending this concept, we now consider those experiments which led to molten aluminum-water explosions without the presence of a wet, solid surface. In all of these there was an external shock applied to the system—usually in the form of an exploding wire or a detonator. As presumed by the investigators, these artificial shocks could be very effective in collapsing steam films. 

Davis, J. A. and Gloor, R. (1981). Adsorption of dissolved organics in lake water by aluminum oxide. Effect of molecular weight. Environ. Sci. Technol. 15, 1223-1229. 

Aluminum chloride hydroxide [1327-41 -9] also called polyaluminum chloride or PAG, is made by partial hydrolysis of aluminum chloride to form a mixture of polymeric species. It is more expensive than alum on a weight basis, but has advantages over alum such as not lowering the pH as much and better cost-effectiveness in some appHcations. Residual aluminum in the water is said to be lower and performance in cold water is better (6,7). It is sold as a solution (see Aluminum compounds, polyaluminum cm ORiDEs). 

A more recently introduced product is polyalurninum—siHcate—sulfate or PASS, made by Handy Chemical of Quebec. It is said to be more effective than alum in cold water, have only a slight effect on pH, and leave less residual aluminum in the water. It is sold as a solution (8). 

Sodium alumiaate is an effective precipitant for soluble phosphate ia sewage and is especially useful ia wastewater having low alkaliaity (20,21). Sodium alumiaate hydrolyzes ia water to Al(OH)2 and Al" which precipitate soluble phosphate as aluminum phosphate [7784-30-7], AlPO. Sodium alumiaate has also been described as an effective aid for the removal of fluorides from some iadustrial waste waters (22). Combiaations of sodium alumiaate and other chemicals are being used to improve the detackification of paint particles ia water from spray-painting operations (23). 

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