Adherence due to Liquid Bridges

If b is the wetted radius of an axisymmetric rigid punch with a shape y(r), and z is the separation, the G can be computed from the potential energy = - Pz  

As a rough approximation, let us take a cylindrical liquid bridge of constant volume V  

This last expression is an approximation for large p of the expression given by Coughlin et for the case z = 0. 

Stability of equilibrium depends on the stiffness of the measuring apparatus and can be 

It is only when that the whole curve can be followed, eventually up to the point where 

---