Adenosine deaminases acting on RNA

ADARl Adenosine deaminase acting on RNA 1 Involved in RNA editing... 

APOBEC-1 complementation factor adenosine deaminases acting on RNAs adenosine deaminases acting on tRNAs 5 -deoxyadenosyl radical... 

Figure 1. The A and B X-ray dii action spatial (3-dimensional) configurations of the double hehx deoxyribose DNA molecule are fi om Rosalind Franklin s lab (1951). The A-DNA B-DNA photographs are from Baianu 1C et al. Maurice Wilkins lab yielded the C configuration in 1958. DNA A and B are natural (derive from living cells) DNA C configuration is an artifact formed in the drying process of a lithium-DNA salt. RNA the predecessor of DNA, is equipped with the 2 OH group on each of its ribose molecules it frequently functions single-stranded (ss), but in certain circumstances (ds RNA vimses) it can assume a double-stranded (ds) helical structure (A-RNA to Z-RNA). The interferon-induced enzyme dsRNA adenosine deaminase acting on RNA (ADAR) promotes the A-to-Z left-handed helical dsRNA transition ADAR specifically with high afiinity binds to ds Z-RNA/Z-DNA.

M. F. Jantsch M. Ohman, RNA Editing by Adenosine Deaminases that Act on RNA (ADARs). In Nucleic Acids and Molecular Biology, H. U. Goringer, Ed. Springer New York/Dordrecht, 2008 pp 51-84. 

Selective quenching allows also to put into evidence and to study a conformational change within a protein. ADAR2 (adenosine deaminase that acts on RNA) is a -80-kDa protein that efficiently deaminates the R/G site of GluR-B pre-mRNA sequences in vitro (O Connell et al. 1997). This enzyme has an RNA binding domain (RBD)l located in the C-terniinal catalytic domain. Deamination of adenosine (A) in the mRNA results in inosine (I) at that position. Because inosine is translated as guanosine (G), the editing reaction causes a functional A to G replacement. 

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