Acyl compounds overview

Overview of the Databank. A profile of the Phase I databank of compounds is presented in Tables II-IV 202 of the 2652 permutations possible from 12 dione moieties, 13 aryl substitution patterns, and 17 different enol ester acyl groups constituted the Phase I dataset. The structures and data given below exemplify how activity varied with structure throughout the dataset. 

Z) is provided in Section II. Section III deals with the rntyor reactions of 3-acyl-l,5-dihydro-4-hydroxy-2-pyrrolones (Y), compounds representing a wide variety of natural substances. Finally, Section IV presents an overview on the chemistry of the actual tetramic acids (X). 

Polyfluorooxiranes rearrange to carbonyl compounds in the presence of a wide range of catalysts. The nature of the product carbonyl compound depends on the structure of the epoxide and the catalyst an overview is given in Scheme 8. Monosubstituted perfluorooxiranes generally give acyl fluorides with Lewis bases, and trifluoromethyl ketones with Lewis acids. Symmetrically 2,3-disubstituted perfluorooxiranes give ketones with either Lewis acids or Lewis bases. In the presence of Lewis acids, unsymmetrically 2.3-disubstituted perfluorooxiranes give a 1 1 mixture of the two possible ketones. 

Hydrocarbon ligands, in mononuclear iron compounds alkyls, acyls, iminoacyls, carbamoyls, 6, 78 overview, 6, 77-125... 

Acyl-CoA thioesterase enzymes (EC 3.1.2.-), although their catalytic activity simply entails the hydrolysis of CoA and ACP thioesters to release the fatty acids and other carboxylic acids bound to them (Equation (19)), have wide and varied physiological functions that includes the regulation of fatty acid metabolism and playing a central role in the biosynthesis of polyketide and nonribosomal peptide-based metabolites (especially the macrocyclic versions) and the degradation of aromatic compounds. These enzymes are thoroughly discussed in several recent reviews as well as the relevant chapters of this series that include fatty acids, polyketides, and nonribosomal peptide biosynthesis ° ° (see Chapters 1.05,1.02, and 5.19) therefore, only a brief overview of the structural and mechanistic diversity of acyl-CoA and acyl-ACP thioesterases is provided in this section. 

This chapter provides an overview of eukaryotic phospholipid biosynthesis. A discussion of phospholipid synthesis in mammalian cells is emphasized but the synthesis of phospholipids in yeast is also discussed. Phospholipid synthesis in plants is considered in Chapter 4 and in bacteria in Chapter 3. Phospholipids make up the essential milieu of cellular membranes and act as a barrier for entry of compounds into cells. Phospholipids also function as precursors of second messengers such as diacylglycerol (DG) and inositol-1,4,5-P3. A third, and usually overlooked function of phospholipids, is storage of energy in the form of fatty acyl components. This function is probably quantitatively important only under extreme conditions such as starvation. 

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