Activities and the definition of

Equation 10.1.9 gives the general relation between the chemical potential /t/ and the activity flj of species i in a phase of electric potential p  

The electric potential affects /z,- only if the charge number z, is nonzero, i.e., only if species i is an ion. 

Consider a reaction in which any reactants and products that are ions are in a single phase of electric potential p, or in several phases of equal electric potential Under these 

Ttermoc/ynam anc/C/iem/sfry, second edition, version 3 2011 by Howard DeVoe. Latest version www.chem.umd.edu/theritiobook 

The first term on the right side of Eq. 11.8.2 is the standard molar reaction Gibbs energy, or standard molar Gibbs energy of reaction  

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