Active Steerable Catheters

Mazzoldi, A., and D. De Rossi. 2000. Active polyaniline fibers for a steerable catheter. Proc SPIE-EAPAD 3987 273. 

Fig. 1.19 Thin (4.1Fr) bipolar active-fixation lead with a fixed screw and no Inmen for a stylet. (Medtronic 3830 SelectSecure ). The screw is coated with beclomethasone. The lead is delivered by a steerable catheter. (Permission for nse Medtronic.)...

Not all active-fixation leads have an extendable-retractable screw. Some models have a fixed screw coated in mannitol which dissolves in blood prior to fixation (Guidant, Sweet Tip ). As discussed previously, a thin diameter cabled lead inserted through a steerable catheter has a fixed screw which is essentially covered by the catheter until it is attached to the endocardium (Medtronic SelectSecure Medtronic Inc., Minneapolis MN) (Fig. 1.19). Active-fixation leads can also be attached to the endocardium using a steerable stylet (St Jude... 

The swimming devices with bending actuators powered and controlled robotic fish as the caudal fins. The microrobotic atm made of the PPy microactuators could grab and lift a glass bead. Based on the unique characteristics of low activation voltage and biocompatibility, the bending actuators can be used as the steerable catheters, guide... 

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