Propiolactone acrylic acid from

A similar proton migration takes place in copolymerizations of acrylamide with cyclic imino ethers. The proton migration is part of the propagation process. Other examples are copolymerizations of a nucleophilic monomer, 2-phenyl-1,2,3-dioxaphospholane with electrophilic monomers. Here, too, the electrophilic monomers can be either acrylic acid or propiolactone. Identical products are obtained from both reactions ... 

Dihydropyridones, from enamines and acrylic acids and propiolactone, 633... 

Oxo-3,4-dihydro-2//-pyrido[l,2-a]pyrimidines (142) may easily be converted (e.g., by heating in water) to the betaines (143)200,204 The latter can also be prepared from 2-aminopyridines with propiolactone,206 acrylic acid,18 3-substituted propionitriles, and other acrylic acid derivatives.207,208 The betaines (143) revert to the bicyclic compounds (142) upon heating in acid 200 204-206-207... 

Surface-active betaines can be synthesized also by quatemisation of long-chain tertiary amines with acrylic acid or P-propiolactone and from partially acylated dibasic amino acids and alkyl halides. 

This copolymer is identical to the one obtained from reacting 2-oxazolone with jff-propiolactone. The acrylic acid is converted into the same repeat unit as the one that forms from ring opening of j -propiolactone shown in the previous example. The suggested reaction mechanism involves a nucleophilic attack by oxazolone on acrylic acid and is followed by proton migration ... 

Acrylic acid, CH2=CHCOOH, can be produced by a series of processes direct oxidation of acrolein oxidation of ethylene to ethylene oxide, with further reaction with hydrogen cyanide to ethylene cyanhydrin, which is then saponified and dehydrated addition of carbon monoxide and water to acetylene and from acetone by pyrolysis to ketene and addition of formaldehyde to the ketene to produce jS-propiolactone. jS-Propiolactone polymerizes to the corresponding polyester, which depolymerizes at 150 C to acrylic acid ... 

---