Acetals and ketals that exhibit general acid catalysis in hydrolysis

Very stable carbonium ion (stabilized by both alkoxy function and aromaticity) [Pg.329]

The mechanistic picture established by study of hydration and alcohol addition reactions sets a pattern that will be evident in a number of other carbonyl reactions. The initial step is usually nucleophilic addition to the carbonyl group. This can be acid-catalyzed or base-catalyzed. Other reactions of carbonyl groups branch out mechanistically from this common nucleophilic addition step, and differ primarily in the fate of the addition intermediate. [Pg.329]

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