4th group elements

B. J. Aylett, Organometallic Compounds, 4th edn., Vol. 1, The Main Group Elements, Part 2, pp. 387-521, Chapman Hall, London, 1979. 

Figure 1.6 The covalent radii of the main group elements of the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th periods...

V main group element of the 3rd, 4th, or 5th group /r-sm experimental magnetic saturation magnetization... 

Many Sc compounds are known, where Sc behaves more like a transition element of the 4th group, than a rare earth element. To interpret the structural similarities between the Sc2Rc3Si4 and the Cc2Sc3Si4 structure we shall—for this discussion only—consider the latter compound as a R2 T3 M4 compound. Then one finds in Cc2Sc3Si4 the same pairs of M-centred trigonal prisms and the T -centred cubes. 

Carbides produced by CVD include the refractory-metal carbides and two important non-metallic carbides boron carbide and silicon carbide. The refractory-metal carbides consist of those of the nine transition elements of Groups IVa, Va, and Via and the 4th, 5th, and 6th Periods as shown below in Table 9.1. 

Nowotny phases, chimney-ladder structures. The Nowotny chimney-ladder phases are an example in alloy field chemistry of composite structures. They are a series of intermetallic T X , compounds formed by transition metals T from the 4th to 9th groups with p-block elements X from the 13th to the 15th groups. 

What is the atomic number of the element X, if the element Y is in the 4th period and the 7A group in the periodic table ... 

For the elements from the 4th (B) group backwards, however, it is no longer possible to fill an octet by sharing valence electrons with its neighbours. 

It is not surprising that the alloy combinations being claimed as improvements are similar to those that have been claimed in the United States previously. In most instances, quaternary alloy combinations have been claimed that utilize platinum with one or more of the 4th period-group 8 transition metals, together with a 4th element that modifies the metallurgical behavior of the alloy. 

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